IDRBench: Benchmarking the Interactive Capabilities of Deep Research Agents

arXiv:2601.06676 · cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.HC · Submitted 2026-01-10 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.HC

Submitted: 2026-01-10

Updated: 2026-09-23

Comments: 16 pages, 9 figures, 10 tables

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The gist: Large Language Model (LLM)-based deep research agents perform multi-step reasoning, web exploration, and long-form report generation.

Terminology

Abstract

Large Language Model (LLM)-based deep research agents perform multi-step reasoning, web exploration, and long-form report generation. In these long-horizon workflows, early deviations from user intent can misdirect research and propagate through planning, search, and synthesis, making timely interaction essential. However, existing benchmarks primarily treat deep research as a static input-output task, overlooking agents' ability to elicit and use user feedback. We introduce IDRBench, a benchmark for evaluating interactive deep research with controlled opportunities for clarification. Within a common workflow and stage-wise interaction budget, IDRBench compares autonomous and interactive trajectories, measuring interaction benefit through changes in task-specific report alignment and interaction cost through turns and tokens. Comprehensive experiments on 100 tasks with seven proprietary and open-weight LLMs show that interaction improves all five alignment measures for every model, yielding an average gain of 6.39 points, while revealing distinct trade-offs among autonomous performance, alignment gain, and communication cost. At the task level, interaction improves performance in 74.4% of cases but degrades it in 19.9%, demonstrating that access to clarification alone does not guarantee better outcomes: success depends on what agents ask and how effectively they incorporate the resulting feedback.

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