2D Spatial Reasoning with Adaptive Neural Cellular Automata
cs.CV
Submitted: 2026-10-06
Updated: 2026-10-13
Code: https://github.com/mspitzna/NCAtorch
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: Many modern learning approaches are still struggling with spatial reasoning tasks, i.e.
Abstract
Many modern learning approaches are still struggling with spatial reasoning tasks, i.e. they lack the ability to utilize geometric information of perceived entities and their spatial relation to each other to solve problems. We introduce a novel Adaptive Neural Cellular Automata (aNCA) architecture which uses deformable convolutions to dynamically adapt the perceptive field and iteratively reason over 2D spatial relations on grid-like data structures (e.g. images). Empirical results on public benchmarks show state of the art comprehensible results with high generalization abilities for solving image based puzzles like Sudoku or finding the shortest path in a maze.
Sources
- Spatial-DISE: A Unified Benchmark for Evaluating Spatial Reasoning in Vision-Language Models
- TESGNN: Temporal Equivariant Scene Graph Neural Networks for Efficient and Robust Multi-View 3D Scene Understanding
- OmniSpatial: Towards Comprehensive Spatial Reasoning Benchmark for Vision Language Models
- SpatiaLQA: A Benchmark for Evaluating Spatial Logical Reasoning in Vision-Language Models
- Image segmentation via Cellular Automata
- Generative Adversarial Neural Cellular Automata
- Variational Neural Cellular Automata
- Frequency-Time Diffusion with Neural Cellular Automata
- Deformable ConvNets v2: More Deformable, Better Results
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