ClawLoop: Self-Improving Agents via Harness-Native Training Loop
cs.AI, cs.CL
Submitted: 2026-10-09
Updated: 2026-10-09
Code: https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven their deployment toward general-purpose harness environments, where LLM-based agents operate in sandbox workspaces and interact
Abstract
The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven their deployment toward general-purpose harness environments, where LLM-based agents operate in sandbox workspaces and interact directly with file systems and shells. While numerous post-training pipelines exist for tool-use agents, their counterparts for harness-based agents remain scarce and are predominantly one-shot and teacher-dependent: a stronger external model synthesizes tasks and collects trajectories, the target agent is trained once, and evaluation results are consumed by human researchers rather than fed back into the loop. Such pipelines are inherently bounded by the capability of the external model and the scope of human prior, leaving no room for self-improvement. To address these limitations, we propose ClawLoop, a framework that enables self-improving without any external teacher model and with minimal prior dependencies. ClawLoop composes three phases into a self-sustaining cycle: Task Synthesis, which generates a diverse pool of training tasks via two complementary construction routines, applies diagnosis-conditioned difficulty growth followed by both agent-free and agent-based task validation; Training, which updates the agent via SFT and/or RL; and Diagnosis and Feedback, which analyzes the agent's rollout behaviors to produce a capability analysis report that will be used as feedback for task synthesis in the next iteration. Using Qwen3.6-27B as the loop model, ClawLoop yields consistent improvements on SkillsBench, Claw-Eval-Live, and ClawGym-Bench. The iteratively refined tasks are further transferred to smaller-scale Qwen3.5-4B and 9B models with gains across all benchmarks, validating data quality independently of the loop model.
Sources
- Tool-R0: Self-Evolving LLM Agents for Tool-Learning from Zero Data
- ClawGym: A Scalable Framework for Building Effective Claw Agents
- AutoForge: Automated Environment Synthesis for Agentic Reinforcement Learning
- WildClawBench: A Benchmark for Real-World, Long-Horizon Agent Evaluation
- Agent-World: Scaling Real-World Environment Synthesis for Evolving General Agent Intelligence
- Towards General Agentic Intelligence via Environment Scaling
- R2E-Gym: Procedural Environments and Hybrid Verifiers for Scaling Open-Weights SWE Agents
- Claw-Eval-Live: A Live Agent Benchmark for Evolving Real-World Workflows
- SkillsBench: Benchmarking How Well Agent Skills Work Across Diverse Tasks
- LiveClawBench: Benchmarking LLM Agents on Complex, Real-World Assistant Tasks
- ClawMark: A Living-World Benchmark for Multi-Turn, Multi-Day, Multimodal Coworker Agents
- Training Software Engineering Agents and Verifiers with SWE-Gym
- DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models
- EnvScaler: Scaling Tool-Interactive Environments for LLM Agent via Programmatic Synthesis
- ASTRA: Automated Synthesis of agentic Trajectories and Reinforcement Arenas
- ScaleEnv: Scaling Environment Synthesis from Scratch for Generalist Interactive Tool-Use Agent Training
- Agent World Model: Infinity Synthetic Environments for Agentic Reinforcement Learning
- Agent0: Unleashing Self-Evolving Agents from Zero Data via Tool-Integrated Reasoning
- ResearchClawBench: A Benchmark for End-to-End Autonomous Scientific Research
- Claw-Eval: Towards Trustworthy Evaluation of Autonomous Agents
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