The R'enyi area law conjecture is false below alpha=1 in high dimensions

arXiv:2610.15199 · quant-ph, cond-mat.dis-nn, cond-mat.stat-mech, math-ph, math.MP · Submitted 2026-10-10 · Read on arXiv

quant-ph, cond-mat.dis-nn, cond-mat.stat-mech, math-ph, math.MP

Submitted: 2026-10-10

Updated: 2026-10-10

Comments: 7 pages + 25 pages appendix, 6 figures

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The gist: Area laws express the expectation that entanglement in gapped quantum ground states scales with a boundary rather than a volume.

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Abstract

Area laws express the expectation that entanglement in gapped quantum ground states scales with a boundary rather than a volume. In one dimension this holds for every Rényi entropy, and the Rényi area-law conjecture asserts the same in higher dimensions for each fixed 0<α<1. Here we disprove this conjecture in every spatial dimension two and higher. We construct finite-range Hamiltonians with fixed local dimension, bounded interaction strength, unique ground states and a uniform spectral gap, whose ground states exhibit volume-law Rényi entanglement while obeying a von Neumann area law and remaining connected to product states through uniformly gapped local paths. The mechanism is error-space complexity: locally identifiable components of arbitrarily small weight can encode states with high entanglement complexity. We also establish the worst-case rank-error trade-off for approximate ground-state projectors, a key tool in one-dimensional area-law proofs. At fixed gap, the optimal Schmidt rank at projection error ε across a planar cut of cross-section A scales as [Θ((A ε-1) 2/3)] when ε-1 A. Thus α=1 is the sharp threshold for a universal Rényi area law within this adiabatically connected class.

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