Rate and depth of two-axis twisting by pair exchange under the self-Kerr constraint

In this paper, we study two bosonic modes that exchange pairs of quanta, which realize two-axis twisting exactly: within a sector of fixed particle number the exchange operator is proportional to the two-axis twisting generator, with a fixed factor of two. Because any real nonlinear medium supplies a local Kerr nonlinearity alongside this operator, the two merge into one twisting Hamiltonian governed by a single dimensionless ratio r=χ s/χ e of the Kerr strength to the exchange strength. Two conditions then decide how much of the ideal behavior survives this constraint, and they must be met separately. The first concerns speed: the exponential squeezing rate follows in closed form, vanishes exactly at r= plus or minus1, and recovers as the square root of the distance from that point. The second concerns depth: the smallest attainable squeezing parameter depends only on the anisotropy of the mean-field saddle, attaining the full two-axis-twisting value at r=0 and r= plus or minus3 regardless of the rate, so that settings sharing the same anisotropy but differing twofold in rate reach the same depth. The two conditions address different targets, and a system may squeeze quickly yet terminate at a shallow optimum; only r=0 is optimal in both respects. The closed-form Gaussian solution reveals a further systematic bias: because the early-time decay rate of the variance exceeds twice the exponential rate, a fit to short-time data overestimates the rate by more than a factor of two. Since an isotropic cubic nonlinearity imposes r=1, the value at which the rate vanishes, the two strengths must be mismatched, and a moderate mismatch already restores most of the optimal depth. Finally, the constraint is invisible at low excitation: at two quanta the Kerr term shifts both coupled states equally, so the two Hamiltonians are indistinguishable until four quanta.