TacitVLA: Reasoning Vision-Language-Action Models Without Reasoning Latency
cs.AI, cs.RO
Submitted: 2026-10-13
Updated: 2026-10-13
Comments: Project page: https://tacitvla.github.io
Code: https://github.com/NVlabs/alpasim
Project page: https://tacitvla.github.io
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gist: Textual reasoning before acting has improved vision-language-action (VLA) models, but at the cost of latency: every action conditioned on the reasoning text must wait for autoregressive decoding.
Abstract
Textual reasoning before acting has improved vision-language-action (VLA) models, but at the cost of latency: every action conditioned on the reasoning text must wait for autoregressive decoding. We show that actions do not need to wait for or condition on the generated reasoning to benefit from it, because the reasoning supervision already improves the backbone representation. We introduce TacitVLA, a reasoning VLA whose action expert never attends to the reasoning it generates for the current call. On long-horizon tasks where the reasoning text also serves as episodic memory, it can generate each entry during action execution rather than before acting. We evaluate it in a controlled study on four benchmarks spanning manipulation and autonomous driving, memory and non-memory tasks: RoboMME, RMBench, LIBERO, and PhysicalAI-AV. On all four, TacitVLA matches the performance of its explicit-reasoning counterpart at up to 3.4x lower latency, and matches the latency of the same architecture trained without reasoning at up to +17.1% success. In absolute terms, it surpasses the best previously published results on the RoboMME Counting suite (82.7% vs. 66.8%) and RMBench (77.5% vs. 56.5%), and reaches 72.9% on LIBERO-Plus and a 52.5% scene score on the public split of the PhysicalAI-AV closed-loop driving challenge. Project page: https://tacitvla.github.io.
Sources
- Qwen3-VL Technical Report
- Latent Reasoning VLA: Latent Thinking and Prediction for Vision-Language-Action Models
- VaViM and VaVAM: Autonomous Driving through Video Generative Modeling
- $\pi_{0.5}$: a Vision-Language-Action Model with Open-World Generalization
- $\pi_0$: A Vision-Language-Action Flow Model for General Robot Control
- Real-Time Execution of Action Chunking Flow Policies
- Fast-in-Slow: A Dual-System Foundation Model Unifying Fast Manipulation within Slow Reasoning
- RMBench: Memory-Dependent Robotic Manipulation Benchmark with Insights into Policy Design
- Training Strategies for Efficient Embodied Reasoning
- Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusion
- RoboMME: Benchmarking and Understanding Memory for Robotic Generalist Policies
- Generalizable VLA Finetuning via Representation Anchoring and Language-Action Alignment
- RynnBrain: Open Embodied Foundation Models
- Implicit Chain of Thought Reasoning via Knowledge Distillation
- Fast ECoT: Efficient Embodied Chain-of-Thought via Thoughts Reuse
- SAM2Act: Integrating Visual Foundation Model with A Memory Architecture for Robotic Manipulation
- MolmoAct2: Action Reasoning Models for Real-world Deployment
- LIBERO-Plus: In-depth Robustness Analysis of Vision-Language-Action Models
- MergeVLA: Cross-Skill Model Merging Toward a Generalist Vision-Language-Action Agent
- VLA-OS: Structuring and Dissecting Planning Representations and Paradigms in Vision-Language-Action Models
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