Kinetic Theory of the EFTofLSS: A Halo-Based Approach

The Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structure (EFTofLSS) provides a coarse-grained description of the non-linear gravitational clustering of dark matter, in which the effects of short-scale physics are encoded in an effective stress tensor and a set of counterterms. In this work, we develop a framework to investigate the physical origin of these counterterms by relating the effective stress tensor to the dynamics of individual dark matter halos in cosmological N-body simulations. We find that halo accretion contributes to the trace of the halo-based effective stress tensor, contributing to the background pressure and effective sound speed, while anisotropic accretion generates the traceless part, consequently contributing to the shear viscosity. For the halo population with M vir>10 12,M/h, we find that halos account for about!95%, about!85%, and about!70% of the full box background pressure, effective sound speed, and shear viscosity, respectively, depending on the EFT cutoff scale. The contributions to the counterterms are dominated by cluster-scale halos, M vir about 10 14 - 10 15,M/h and halos with larger inflow rates, supporting an interpretation in terms of accretion-driven, out-of-equilibrium dynamics. Our results provide a short-scale, kinetic-theory interpretation of the EFTofLSS counterterms and establish a framework for connecting the properties and dynamics of short-scale structures to physics-informed priors for large-scale cosmological observables.